Varicherosis is a leg disease, which not only spoils a person's aesthetic appearance, but can also lead to various serious complications.The main causes, symptoms and methods of treatment of varicose veins in the legs are described in detail later.
Medical certificate - varicose veins
Varities veins - a chronic disease of the peripheral veins of the lower ends with a progressive course.It is characterized by a pathological expansion of the veins, which manifests itself by a violation of reverse blood flow in them due to the weakness of the valves and the vessel wall.As a result, there is a stagnation of venous blood and an increase in pressure on the veins, whose walls of time lose elasticity and begin to stretch and deform.According to the International Classification of Diseases, the ICD-10 Varize veins of the lower extremities have code 183.
The causes of the disease
The etiology of varicose veins is not well studied.Doctors consider polyetiological disease, but distinguish various development theories:
- Mechanical theory. Excessive load in the lower limbs: with permanent work (surgeons, dentists, teachers, hairdressers), athletes, pregnant women.
- Neuroendocrine theory. Due to hormonal change (pregnancy, menopause, sexual maturation), the tone of blood vessel walls is reduced.
- Genetic predisposition.Congenital functional development of valves in the veins.
Risk factors for the development of varicose veins:
- female gender;
- heredity;
- Overweight;
- load load;
- A sedentary lifestyle.
Symptoms of the disease
The manifestations of the disease are:
- The appearance of a vascular mesh in the form of stars on the skin is telgangioectasia.
- Skin changes: dryness, pigmentation.In later stages - dermatitis, eczema, trophic ulcers.
- A feature shaken by the skin of excusable veins at the lower ends.
- The appearance of pain and leg discomfort, especially after physical exertion.The pain may have a different character (pulsating, burning, painful), the time of occurrence (pain when walking at the end of the day at night).
- The development of edema and seizures of the calf muscles.At first, swelling is observed in the region of the foot and then applies to the leg.
Varicose veins development stages
The disease develops in stages and slowly.It may go through several years when your first symptoms appear.
- Stage 0. It is characterized by non -specific characteristics, such as gravity and leg discomfort that may be symptoms and other diseases (osteochondrosis, flat feet).At this stage, the disease is also difficult to diagnose due to the lack of deformation of attributes and vein performances extended in the legs.
- Stage 1. Skin vascular stars changes are attached to the above complaints.
- Stage 2. The swollen and rolled veins increased, the nodules are characteristic.
- Stage 3. The occurrence of edema is especially pronounced at the end of the day.
- Stage 4. It is manifested by irreversible changes in blood vessels and trophic legs of the legs due to impaired blood circulation and insufficient nutrition of tissues.Strong skin pigmentation (dark brown color) is characteristic.
- Stage 5. Trophic ulcer of healing.
- Stage 6. Trophic ulcer is not healed.
Possible complications
The disease itself is not dangerous to life, but its complications are dangerous as a result of premature or improper treatment:
- Acute thrombophlebitia of surface veins - inflammation of blood vessel walls, the formation of blood clots from blood clots, which undertook blood circulation in tissues;
- Pulmonary artery thromboembolism - Lumen blockade of pulmonary artery with a thrombus, which moved away from the vessel wall, usually has a death;
- phlexible;
- ULCER TROPHIC - Occurs with advanced forms of varicose veins due to poor blood nutrition with blood;
- bleeding from us.
When to see a doctor
Varicose veins are diagnosed and treated by a phlebologist (cardiovascular surgery).In order not to lose the beginning of the disease, it is necessary to contact a specialist in the first signs:
- the appearance of vascular stars in the legs;
- a sense of discomfort in the legs, pain;
- swelling and quick fatigue;
- Night seizures;
- markedly expanded veins.
The varicose veins in the legs, whose treatment was timely and effective, to threaten the occurrence of complications.
Diagnostic measures
To date, the main method of diagnosis is ultrasound.By diagnosing varicose veins, these measures are performed:
- Ultrasound dopplerography. A method that combines the use of ultrasonic and Doppler diagnoses and allows to evaluate the nature of blood movement through the vessels, the presence of a reverse blood cast, blood clots, the condition of the vessel vessels, the operation of venous valves (the presence of fluctuation) and the patency of the peripheral and deep pathways.There are several types: colored, duplex and triplerography triplex doptoplaography.
- Duplex scanning (sleep) is a type of ultrasonic dopplerography, in which 2 methods are used: fashion and colorful dopplerography.It allows to determine the presence of blood clots, its size, the nature of the location, the possibility of separation.The method is not invasive, can with high accuracy establish a diagnosis and determine additional treatment tactics.
- Flexometry - A method for determining blood pressure on the walls of the veins.
- Flexcintigraphy - The introduction of vienna radiopharmacy and observation using a special device.The method is used for combined veins and lymphatic system pathology.
- Flebography is a radiological method that implies the introduction of an intravenous X -ray contract.In an X -ray image, the doctor will evaluate the state of the veins.Suitable for the diagnosis of deep veins, when ultrasound dopplaography was involved.
The last two methods are invasive, have several against -indications (allergies to a medium of contrast) and today are rarely used for diagnostic purposes.
Treatment Methods
The varicose veins in the legs, whose treatment is performed by two main methods in the complex (conservative and surgical), have a favorable forecast.Conservative methods:
- drug treatment;
- the use of traditional medicine;
- physiotherapy;
- Compression therapy involves the use of special underwear;
- Sclerotherapy.
Surgical methods:
- Operation Varadi - Removal of affected veins (Flebectomy);
- Vein laser coagulation.
External treatment with creams, ointments and gels
External use of creams, ointments and gels acts as auxiliary means in the early stages of the disease.Preparations help reduce swelling, pain, increase the tone of the venous walls.
Laser treatment
Lazamaria treatment (laser coagulation or ablation) is a minimally invasive method that is used in pronounced forms of the disease.Use lasers with different wavelengths.The laser light is inserted into the veins lumen and glues its walls.In the future, this vein will solve.The procedure occurs under the control of the ultrasound, does not come out after strong bruises. Advantages of laser treatment: lack of a period of recovery, painless and safety of the procedure, a minimum of post -operative complications, scars and pigments.
Sclerotherapy
Sclerotherapy - It is the introduction of a special (sclerosing) medicine into the affected vein, which puts it inside and disappears over time.There are several varieties of this methodology: eco-thorotherapy, microsclerotherapy.The procedure lasts 20 minutes, the sclerotherapy sessions required from 3 to 5. This treatment method is widely used in many countries around the world and provides a long outcome and in the early stages - throughout life.However, with advanced and serious shapes, sclerotherapy does not offer one hundred percent warranty.
Hydrotherapy
The treatment of hydrotherapy (water therapy) in the form of various types of baths (with herbs, salt) and shower (circular, massage, contrast) contributes to reducing the lumen of blood vessels, helping to relieve fatigue and swelling of the legs.
The use of socks and varicose veins
The use of compression linen (tightening) helps in the early stages of varicose veins, eliminating blood stagnation in the peripheral veins and redistributing it from expanded vessels to healthy ones. The use of this mesh linen is possible for preventive purposes and during rehab.
Surgical therapy
Surgical removal of the affected veins - Flebectomy is a radical, complex and more effective method (almost 100% cure).However, flexion has several against -indications: diseases of the cardiovascular system, liver, kidneys, pregnancy.After the operation, for a month, you need to use a late compression linen or apply an elastic leg bandage.
Physiotherapy
The treatment of varicose veins with physiotherapeutic methods is effective for prevention in the early stages of the disease as well as in complex therapy.Largely used: laser therapy, darsalvaluation, magnetic laser therapy, pneumocompression, UHF, Balneo and Lamápia.Physiotherapy helps strengthen blood vessel walls, improves valve operation, microcirculation and limb lymphocid.A visible result is achieved with regular course treatment in combination with other therapy methods.
Popular remedies
Treatment with folk varicose veins in the legs is widely popular in patients.However, it should be borne in mind that all non -traditional medicine methods are ineffective in severe forms of disease.Popular remedies for the treatment of varicose veins:
- Medicinal herbal dyes: kalanchoe, nettle, horse nut, ginseng root, walnut walnut;
- lotions and compresses made of clay, dear;
- Soda baths, sea salt;
- Vishnevsky;
- Hirudotherapy (treatment with medical leeches).
Using apple cider vinegar
The use of apple vinegar for the treatment of varicose veins is recommended by many experts.It is advisable to cook the product and not buy from the store.To prepare vinegar, you need to grind sweet apples and pour 3 cm above warm water.Let the product infuse for 2 weeks, sometimes stirring with a wooden spoon.Strain and add several spoons to a glass of water to rub.Vinegar can be rubbed into the skin of the painful legs, make compresses, wrapping, baths.The tool strengthens the venous wall, improves blood circulation in them, reduces swelling.
Using clay lotions and compresses
Blue clay in the form of lotions and compresses is often used for preventive purposes and with early manifestations of varicose veins. Put the diluted powder with warm water with a thick layer on your feet, wrap it with movie and wrap with a hot scarf.Keep the order for 40 minutes.Or request 30 minutes to a gauze affected by a gauze, greased with clay with chopped garlic.This regular use therapy (a 2-3 week course) effectively relieves leg discomfort, swelling and fatigue.
Using Acacia Flower Dye
For the treatment of varicose veins, a tincture of white acacia colors is used.To prepare it, you need to fill the raw materials in a 3 liter jar and pour 0.5 liters of vodka and medical alcohol in 1/3, cover with a lid.Insist a mixture in a dark place for two weeks.Lubricate the painful legs with the finished tincture 5-7 times a day.The tincture will help alleviate the symptoms of varicose veins.
Using the ginseng tincture
The ginseng root is a natural tonic to strengthen venous vessels.The finished tincture can be bought in a pharmacy or prepared independently, pouring 0.5 liters of 150 g of crushed dry ginseng.Insist the liquid in a dark place for 2 weeks.Tincture to take inside with an empty stomach 1-2 tablespoons 4 times a day.
Using Urtiga
Healing properties of hives have been known for a long time.The plant improves blood circulation, prevents blood stagnation, strengthens the walls of blood vessels.To prepare the therapeutic decoction of the nettle, the fresh or crushed leaves pour a liter of boiling water.Insist a few hours and tension.For a month, drink a decay of a third of a glass 3 times a day.
Using potatoes
Effectively, the use of potatoes for varicose veins in the form of compresses, lotions.For the compress, mix the newly launched tuber with a honey spoon and apply to painful areas, fix a movie and dressing at the top. Keep a 5 -hour compaction and wash with warm water.The course of treatment is 3 weeks. The compress helps remove swelling, pain, a vascular network in the legs.
Prevention of varicose veins
To avoid the development of varicose veins, it is worth noting the following measures, especially those that are at risk:
- Keep the normal weight;
- Avoid prolonged position;
- Walk more on foot, do the legs;
- Limit of high shoes;
- Limit alcohol and cigarette use;
- involve some kind of sport (swimming, cycling, aerobic);
- water procedures (contrasting shower, legs relaxing to the legs);
- Wear compression underwear;
- adhere to proper nutrition.
Varicose veins - Treatment and diagnosis - important components of rapid recovery.To date, there are several medicines and non -traditional medical media that promise to get rid of varicose veins.
If the varicose veins in the legs are not ignored and starting treatment over time, there is a high percentage of favorable prognosis.In the early stages, conservative therapy is shown: medicines, creams, compression meshes, physiotherapy, traditional medicines recipes.In pronounced shapes - laser ablation, the removal of advanced veins.